Permutation-lock



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L. J ESSEL. PBRMUTATION LOCK.

No. 244,459. Patented July 19,1881.

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L.JBSSEL. PERMUTATION LOCK.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LEO JEssEL, OE DETROIT, MICHIGAN.

PERMUTATION-LOOK.

SPECIFICATIQN forming part" of ,Letters Patent No. 244,459, dated July 19, 1881. Application niedAprn 22, 1881. (Model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEO .IEssEL, ofthe city of Detroit, county of Wayne, and State of -Michigan, have invented 'an Improvement in Locks, of which the following is a specication. My invention relates to What are known as combination or permutation locks; and it consists in arranging two or more tumblers or disks provided With slotted anges and operated from one or more places with one or more bolts; further, in a casing or covering to the disks constituting the handle, wherewith to control the movement of the tumblers, where,- by the movementsof said disks are wholly protected from View when being manipulated to open the door; and in minor details of construction, all of which are fully set forth in the following specification, and shown in the accompan yin g drawings, which form part thereof. Heretofore locks of this class have had the tumblers arranged one above the other, making a thicker lock and one which requires more care in opening, owing to the liability of the displacement of the tumblers.

The object of my invention is to construct a lock having a series of tumblers controlling 011e or more bolts, each of said tumblers being, arranged separately and distinctly, having its own bearings and controlling the movement of a different part ofthe same or another bolt.

In the drawings, Figure l is a sectional ,elevation of my improved lock, having a single bolt on the line y y. Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of same on line ao w. Fig. 3 is a vertical crosssection of same on line z z. Fig. 4 is an elevation of the permutation-handle with the top of the protecting-casing broken away. Fig. 5 is a perspective View of one form of the tumblers and part ofthe lock-frame and bolt. Fig. 6 is a plan view of the top of the tumbler directly under the permutation-handle. Figs. 7 and 8 are modified forms of casing to protect the permutation-handle. Fig. 9 is a plan view, showing arrangement of lock with double bolts. A is the frame or case, and B isthe cover of same. Upon the cover, and forming partof the same, are two or more circular bearings, D D' D2, which support and carry the flanged disks N N' N2. The parts D D' D2 are provided With a passage-way for the bolt F, and slots or openings d on one side for the passage of the lugs or projections F', and upon their circular edge with a deep groove, d. The flanged tumbler-disks NN'N2 have thin anges d2, provided respectively with slots u, which register at the opening of the lock with the opening d in the circular bearings to allow the passage of the projections F. It is not necessary that there shall be a groove, d', as the outer ange alone would guide the tumblers and protect their anges carrying the slot n from being detected by feelin g, in case it were attempted to pick the lock. The tumbler or disk N is rotated direct by the spindle O and its operating-disk O'. In order that the combination may be changed I secure upon the end of the spindle O a toothed wheel, S, having as many teeth T as there are indicatorpoints on the permutation-disk. It is set in a recess in the top of the tumbler N, which is provided With a single tooth or projection., t, which may correspond to the opening o r slot n. By changing the position of wheel S with disk N the combination maybe readily changed The loose sleeve P carries the operating-disk P on one end and the spur-wheel M on the other, which spur-Wheel operates the tumbler N by means ofthe spur-wheel M. The outer sleeve, Q, provided on one end with the permutationdisk Q and on the other with the spur-wheel I, works the tumbler N2 by means of the spurwheels I and 12. Thecombination can readily be changed by means of these spur-Wheels, and

without the least trouble or inconvenience, by

disconnecting them and turning one or both around to any extent and bringing the teeth to mesh again, when it will be found a new number, letter, or projection w-ill be required to open the lock, so far as that tumbler is concerned. A

The operating-disks O', P', and Q are provided about their peripheries with a number of small points or eminences, p', and each is provided with a single longer and more pointed IOO feel, set, and hold the disks in their proper po,- sition when set to prevent displacement of one disk upon operating the next. The caps It protect the disks from rain.

The view shown in Fig. 7 is a modification of Fig. S, the 1in gers being placed on the sides, instead of at the top and bottom.

The bolt F is pressed outby a spring, H, and drawn back by lever G oscillated by handle G.

The lock may be applied to a drawer or door. In the latter case it would be advisable to be able to operate the tumblers and bolt from both sides.

If desired, a separate operating disk or handle may be used to each tumbler.

The operation of the single-bolt lock is as follows: The disks O', I, and Q being set with the long points p in position with the finger resting upon them, they are rotated one at a time until the proper number of pins or projections p are counted from the long pointed projection p, thenl the nger holds that disk and the same operation is performed on each and every disk. These manipulations cause the tumblerlangcs d2 to be rotated until the slots a are in the right position to register with the slots d in the bearin gs. The handle G is then turned and the bolt F withdrawn from the catch F2, the projection F passing through the slots a and d. The door C is then open. To keep the lock open any ordinary latch may be used, or one tumbler may be rotated slightly, and the projection F is then located on the opposite side ot' the flange d2 and holds the bolt back. When arranged for two or more bolts, where great securityis required, it is made as shown in Fig. 9, in which the tumblers are arranged about a central operating compound stem, X. By this arrangement the safety is greatly increased, for the operating-disks may be set in order; but the central stem may operate tumbler 1, central sleeve, 2, may operate tumbler 5, sleeve 3 may operate tumbler 3, and so on, it being so mixed that it would be a diftlcult task to iind out which disks operate a particular bolt. By arranging the tumblers separately by themselves I can make a lock of less thickness and one having greater security; also, each tumbler may be changed so far as its position in the lock is concerned, as well as the disks being set for a new combination, therefore the number of combinations such a lock is capable of making is enormous.

I do not conine myself to the particular shaped tumbler, as it may be modined somewhat to take up less space.

When two bolts are used 011e operating-disk may be made to rotate two tumblers, one on as many disks will be required, and it will be.

absolutely necessary to open one bolt before operatin g on the other; and with this construction it will be found a very dilicult task to perform if 'the combination for each boltis not known.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a combination-lock, the frame A and cover B, a Single bolt, F, provided with projections F, or their equivalent, and two or more tumblers provided with slots a, rotating in the same plane bet'ore said projections F, as and for the purpose specified.

2. In a combination-lock, the frame A,cover B, bearings D D D2, provided with slots 11,.

tumblers N N N2, provided with slots a, and bolt F, provided with projections F, in combination with central stem, O, and sleeves P and Q, provided on the ends with operatingdisks 0 P Q', spur-wheels M M and I, I', and I2, and means to operate the bolt, as and for the purpose specified.

3. The permutation handle, consisting ot' disks having their peripheries provided with projections, in combination with a cap or casing covering said handle, said easing being provided with apertures or openings wherewith to rotate said disks with the lingers, as and for the purpose specified.

4. In a combination-lock, the permutation handle, in combination with a casing, R, provided with slots or openin gs r, arranged on opposite, or nearly opposite, sides of said casin g, oneof which openings is larger than the other, and permutation-disks, each provided with one long pointand a number of smaller projections, as and for the purpose specified.

5. In a combination-lock, the permutationhandle consisting of a series of disks or rings arranged one above the other, each of said rings being provided with one long point, and a series of small projections arranged about their peripheries, as shown and described.

6. The combination ot' bearing D, provided with slot d and groove d', tumbler N, provided with flange d2 and slot a, and bolt F, provided with a projection, F, as and for the purpose specified.

In testimony of which invention I hereunto set my hand.

LEO JESSEL.

Witnesses:

Tnos. J. HUNT, It. A. CAVIN.

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